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Tanabata Day
Tanabata Day
According to a chinese legend, Tentei, the celestial emperor had seven daughters. The youngest one, expert in weaving, was called the Weaver (Shokujo or Ori Hime).
Sitting each day in front of her weaving loom she did not weave ordinary fabrics but only celestial brocades for each change in season. Each day the sky's arrangement was one of her masterpieces.
One day, the princess, who was bored in the sky went down to stroll on Earth. There she met a young cowherd who everyone called the Shepherd (Kengyu). They fell immediately in love with each other.
Dissatisfied with her solitary life in the sky and the severe watch of her father, the Weaver dreamed of an impassioned love, a happy future and a peaceful life.
She then decided to stay on Earth next to her companion the Shepherd. They formed an inseparable couple. The man worked in the fields and the woman wove...
A few years passed; from their love a boy and a small girl were born.
But soon the celestial emperor, informed of his daughter's new life, flew into a violent rage and sent a genie to seek his daughter and to bring her back to the sky.
Separated from her husband and her children, the princess started to cry with pain.
Noticing that his beloved had disappeared, the Shepherd placed his children in two baskets at the two ends of a plank and went in search for her. But as he was about to catch up with his wife captive of a celestial genie, the emperor's wife appeared and gave birth with a gesture with her hand to a broad, deep and tumultuous river which stopped the Shepherd.
Very grieved, the latter did not want to leave the river bank.
Ori hime And on the opposite river bank, the Weaver did not stop to shed tears, remaining deaf to the repeated injunctions of her father to resume her celestial weaving work.
In front of so much obstinacy, the emperor made a concession: he allowed his daughter to meet her lover once a year.
Since, each year, the seventh day of the seventh month of the lunar calendar, the celestial magpies form a tempory foobridge above the Milky Way (Ama No gawa), on which the stellar lovers:
Vega (the Weaver) and Altair (the Herdsman), renew their pledge of love.
It is said that at the dawn of this day, it often drizzles; these are the tears of the Vega princess who, clasping her children to her and tenderly holding her husband's hand, cries sadly.
Their tragic separation moved everyone and aroused the liking of everybody. This is the reason why, each year, the seventh day of the seventh month of the lunar calendar, many people stay up outside to contemplate in the sky the two Vega and Altair constellations which, that day, seem to get closer to each other above the Milky Way.
This legend was probably introduced in Japan during the Nara era (710-794) and was incorporated in the indigenous legend telling the life of the princess Oto Tanabata, considered for the brocades she wove in gods' honour. However Tanabata became a popular festival only in the Heian era (794-1185).
Each year the stars festival: Tanabata or Hoshi matsuri, generally takes place around the 7th of august according to the solar calendar, becoming thus an integral part of the Bon festival (ancestors' cult which takes place on the 5th of august).
However some localities continue to celebrate the stars lovers on the 7th of july according to the lunar calendar.
Seasonal fruits and vegetables are offered to the two stars and bamboo branches are decorated with huge bobbles, paper lampions, strips of multicoloured japanese paper (tanzaku), talismans and small paper ornaments.
On these paper strips each participant writes a poem expressing his wish to see his aspirations in love coming true or a pledge of fidelity in love or the wish to become a better pupil in class.
The bamboo branches thus decorated are placed on a pole in front of the houses and become "summer Christmas trees" (sasa kazari).
At the end of the festival, the bamboo branches are thrown in a river; a ritual act which must move away the bad luck...
Originally the popular belief indicated that on the Tanabata day a girl requesting the Vega princess with sincerity could acquire a weaver's and a dressmaker's talent. In the same way the boys could hope to acquire a calligrapher's talent.
Nowadays the traditional and picturesque Tanabata festival is hardly observed any more... However it remains for many Japanese the day during which the dreams can become reality...
The two most famous Tanabata festivals in the nipponese archipelago take place in Hiratsuka (Kanagawa prefecture) on the 7th of july and in Sendai (Miyagi prefecture) on the 7th of august.
















